Vasovagal syncope
Definition :
Vasovagal syncope (vay-zo-VAY-gul SING-cuh-pee) is the most common cause of fainting. Vasovagal syncope occurs when your body overreacts to triggers, such as the sight of blood or extreme emotional distress. The trigger results in vasovagal syncope — a brief loss of consciousness caused by a sudden drop in your heart rate and blood pressure, which reduces blood flow to your brain.
Vasovagal syncope is usually harmless and requires no treatment. However, you can injure yourself during a vasovagal syncope episode. Also, your doctor may recommend tests to rule out more serious causes of fainting, such as heart disorders.
Symptoms:
Before a faint due to vasovagal syncope, you may experience some of the following:
Because fainting can be a sign of a more serious condition, such as heart or brain disorders, you may want to consult your doctor after a fainting spell, especially if you never had one before.
Causes:
Vasovagal syncope occurs when the part of your nervous system that regulates heart rate and blood pressure malfunctions in response to a trigger, such as the sight of blood. Your heart rate slows, and the blood vessels in your legs widen. This allows blood to pool in your legs, which lowers your blood pressure. This drop in blood pressure and slowed heart rate quickly diminish blood flow to your brain, and you faint.
Although vasovagal syncope can occur at any age, it's being recognized as an increasingly important cause of fainting in the elderly.
Common triggers for vasovagal syncope include:
In most cases of vasovagal syncope, treatment is unnecessary. Your doctor may help you identify your fainting triggers and discuss ways you can avoid them. However, if you experience vasovagal syncope often enough to interfere with your quality of life, your doctor may suggest trying one or more of the following remedies.
Medications
Drugs that might help prevent vasovagal syncope include:
Your doctor may recommend specific techniques to decrease the pooling of blood in your legs. These may include foot exercises, wearing elastic stockings or tensing your leg muscles when standing and increasing salt in your diet if you don't have high blood pressure. Avoid prolonged standing — especially in hot, crowded places — and drink plenty of fluids.
Surgery
The insertion of an electrical pacemaker, which helps regulate the heartbeat, helps some people with vasovagal syncope.
Definition :
Vasovagal syncope (vay-zo-VAY-gul SING-cuh-pee) is the most common cause of fainting. Vasovagal syncope occurs when your body overreacts to triggers, such as the sight of blood or extreme emotional distress. The trigger results in vasovagal syncope — a brief loss of consciousness caused by a sudden drop in your heart rate and blood pressure, which reduces blood flow to your brain.
Vasovagal syncope is usually harmless and requires no treatment. However, you can injure yourself during a vasovagal syncope episode. Also, your doctor may recommend tests to rule out more serious causes of fainting, such as heart disorders.
Symptoms:
Before a faint due to vasovagal syncope, you may experience some of the following:
- Skin paleness
- Lightheadedness
- Tunnel vision — your field of vision is constricted so that you see only what's in front of you
- Nausea
- Feeling of warmth
- A cold, clammy sweat
Because fainting can be a sign of a more serious condition, such as heart or brain disorders, you may want to consult your doctor after a fainting spell, especially if you never had one before.
Causes:
Vasovagal syncope occurs when the part of your nervous system that regulates heart rate and blood pressure malfunctions in response to a trigger, such as the sight of blood. Your heart rate slows, and the blood vessels in your legs widen. This allows blood to pool in your legs, which lowers your blood pressure. This drop in blood pressure and slowed heart rate quickly diminish blood flow to your brain, and you faint.
Although vasovagal syncope can occur at any age, it's being recognized as an increasingly important cause of fainting in the elderly.
Common triggers for vasovagal syncope include:
- Standing for long periods of time
- Heat exposure
- The sight of blood
- Having blood drawn
- Fear of bodily injury
- Straining, such as to have a bowel movement
In most cases of vasovagal syncope, treatment is unnecessary. Your doctor may help you identify your fainting triggers and discuss ways you can avoid them. However, if you experience vasovagal syncope often enough to interfere with your quality of life, your doctor may suggest trying one or more of the following remedies.
Medications
Drugs that might help prevent vasovagal syncope include:
- Blood pressure drugs. Beta blockers such as
metoprolol (Lopressor) are designed to treat high blood pressure. They
are also the type of drug used most often to prevent vasovagal syncope
because they block some of the signals that can lead to fainting.
- Antidepressants. Selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors, such as paroxetine (Paxil), fluoxetine (Prozac) and
sertraline (Zoloft), also have been successful in preventing vasovagal
syncope.
- Blood vessel constrictors. Drugs to treat low blood pressure or asthma are sometimes helpful in preventing vasovagal syncope.
Your doctor may recommend specific techniques to decrease the pooling of blood in your legs. These may include foot exercises, wearing elastic stockings or tensing your leg muscles when standing and increasing salt in your diet if you don't have high blood pressure. Avoid prolonged standing — especially in hot, crowded places — and drink plenty of fluids.
Surgery
The insertion of an electrical pacemaker, which helps regulate the heartbeat, helps some people with vasovagal syncope.
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